AnimaTion pt.2

The process of animation can be a long and challenging one, taking over an entire year to develop, and an additional few weeks to draw, animate and create the episode. On top of that, it is very lucrative process and laborious task to deal with animation.

So where does it start? To create an animation, there needs to be a story line or a plot. In Japan's case, usually the manga artists provides the plot and character outlines needed in order to create the anime. In combination to this, the manga has to be popular enough, in order that production companies and producers are willing to fund and create the anime. Directors and animators are then chosen to create the anime and the manga artist is there to supervise and put forth info in order to display the story in a way that represents the manga artist's vision, as well as an entertainment that attracts and appeals to an audience. Writers are chosen to create the episode-by-episode scripts, which are then review by the entire animation team. Revisions often occur during this stage and in order to ensure both the author's and the director's vision of the anime, the storyboard is created.

A storyboard creates a frame-by-frame work of the anime. Along with this, it details the actions and the dialogues of the characters and describes the setting or the scenery. With a limited budget creates constrain on everyone, so it limits the amount frames to display. Each frame is chosen carefully and many cuts and revisions are made to present the core action of the manga (for this reason, many people prefer manga to anime). Developing layouts marks the transition into the art production phase. The background is set, the actions of the characters are defined, and the frames are shaped to the same size. Colors are chosen to represent the frames in this process. Other decisions that are made include the angle of the shot and the position of the character.

All of the animation in anime is hand-drawn, but nowadays, animators draw directly onto a computer. This helps by checking the frame-by-frame work for any mistakes during the process. Here is a video detailing this. This process first starts the characters off as "stick figures," then it gradually develops the details of the character (such as the character's expressions). The animators then detail the setting. In-between animators then come in and make the movements of the characters more fluid, rather than a frame-by-frame montage.

The frames are then colored and processed and special effects and added on. The last stage of this process is adding on the voice dubs and composing the music, but other than that, the animation process is completed!

AnimeTion Pt.1

Believe it or not, the main reason why I chose to have an "Animation" blog is to talk about my passion, anime; however, anime is interesting for a select audience, so i broadened the topic to "animation" in general. Because animation is my passion, the next unspecified following weeks will be dedicated to anime.

This week make the end of one of the most well known and well recognized manga in history, Naruto. Written by Masashi Kishimoto, this is the story of a young boy named Naruto, an outcast of society, whose goal in life is to become Hokage, the strongest  person as well as the leader of the village. This manga is one of the best-selling manga series in history and has a legacy spanning fifteen years. It will continue to expand so as it has made its mark in Japanese history. 

So what exactly is manga? A simple way to put it, it is the comic book of the East, Japan in particular. South Korea publishes similar comics known as manhwa and the countries of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong publish manhua. Where American society views comic books as trashy (but nowadays it's getting the respect it deserves), the Japanese society embraces manga and embedded this as their culture. In Japan, "manga" is referred to every type of cartoons, animation and comics, while in America, "manga" is strictly the comics published from Japan, and the animation produced is known as "anime".

Manga first started out on scrolls. These scrolls told stories that were accompanied by a series of images. With the creation of paper, these images were then transferred onto them. Unlike the English alphabet, Japanese characters are read from right to left, as opposed to left to right, because it (right to left) is the natural direction the eyes move. Unlike American comics, manga actually has endings. It doesn't continue on forever. Sure, the characters might not age for long periods of time in manga, but let's face it, Spiderman has been a college student since the beginning of time. Another thing to note:(and this is my personal pet peeve...) What is up with the parallel universes? Can't the authors just stick to one story? There are so many stories to one character, that I don't even know where to begin, or what to talk about when regarding that specific character. This can get overwhelming and unbearable at times, but the good thing about this "problem" is that it can create endless stories for filmmaker to work on when creating phenomenal movies. 

Well that's my time for this week. Check out the last chapter of Naruto by clicking on the link. Also in other news.....

Until next time

Motion CapturNimation (Pt.2)

So continuing from last week, what exactly is a motion capture device? It isn't just ping-pong balls strapped onto a person. There has to be a reason why these people decided to wear something so ridiculous. It's simple really. The producers, who are developing the game/animated film, are trying to capture the emotions and stance positions of the performer to create a character who is human like in every way. A human like character gives a reason for the audience to stay because a human like character creates someone the audience can relate to. The other reason why producers use mocap (motion capture technology) is that it is very cheap. It doesn't even really need a special computer (or a computer for that matter). Here is a video that demonstrates that anyone can use mocap, even at home.

 So how does this process work? By using the process of tracking cameras and tools called opticals, the producers get a "rough sketch" of the performer. The opticals transfer data back to a program to capture the movements of the performer. By using unique algorithmic codes, the producers can map out a performer's body and change variations within it. The result? With various touch ups, the performer's character can be something as ridiculous as a monkey, to a badass human. But technology never stops advancing. Now besides using ping-pong balls, little marbles are made to capture the facial movements.

Capturing emotion is key. Without it, the characters are less likely to be relatable to and the audience loses interest, which is the last thing any game company/ film company wants. To capture one's emotion, James Cameron developed virtual cinematography. This process allows the producer to capture the actor on both a virtual and real-life stage. The emotions and movements are better captured and because the emotions are human like to the max, the characters can pretty much be anyone or anything from blue aliens living on a planet called Pandora, to turtles living inside a sewer dieting on pizza.

Beyond Two Souls (an above average game in my opinion), makes their scenes as realistic as possible by recreating the world of the game. The movements and emotions are captured based on the performer's reaction to a particular scene with his/her interaction with the particular environment.

Motion capture is developed and created upon pure imagination. The concept of it is so unreal, that it seems that it seems like it is an idea from a science fiction novel. With just the power and movements of the ping-pong balls, game producers can create just about anything, and for this reason, people are very inclined to play video games, than actually sit through and watch a movie (seriously, if you haven't played a video game yet, go try it! I recommend The Last of Us.)

Motion CapturNimation : Understanding the Work behind AVATAR (Pt. 1)

Picture this. There exists a world where fiction meets reality. With the technology we have today, this achievement can be possible.

As technology gets better and better, so do the movies. What I mean is the special effects of the movies (the plot might actually get worse, but who really cares. Wait, don't tell me that you watch Transformers because of the "in depth plot." You know we all watch it for the robots... and Michael Bay explosions.....The newest movie literally spends twenty minutes explaining how the sexual relationship between a minor and an adult was legit. Seriously.) With the advent influx of different types of technology comes different ways to utilize and seize the technology for the benefit of the greater good (so basically, entertainment). The directors use these tools to interpret movies in new and unusual ways to attract an audience's attention. Directors hire special effect artists and with the team of professionals, these people create ideas beyond the realms of human imagination.

In animation, there are movies created with just animated characters and more recently in the current era, movies with the combination of computer animated character and human characters are also becoming a norm (more recently, the new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle movie). The technologies used today have such good special effects, that animated characters have look and become human-like. The highest gross movie of all time Avatar, uses computer animation with a combination of motion capture to bring its characters to life (as well as create an awesomely wicked environment might I add).

This particular film was shelved during the 1990s, by James Cameron (He says it's because technology hasn't reached to its full potential yet to capture the essence of this movie, and also, word on the street is that Cameron is a perfectionist, so if need be, he would've shelved this movie FOREVER. Thankfully the technology caught up, and we were able to see this masterpiece.). Cameron (being the perfectionist he is) saw that the technology available at the time decided to take action and with the current technology of 2005 (this was back in 2005), developed a new motion-capture device, that uses animation techniques to enable a 110% performance capture, rather than 100%.

Performance capture is the technique that drives this force. This technique is another art on its own and there are several subtopics to talk about when mentioning this technique. Until then, we will be discussing and continuing motion capture in the weeks ahead.

"Avatar (2009 Film)." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Oct. 2014. Web. 24 Oct. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatar_%282009_film%29>.

"James Cameron's Avatar." James Cameron's Avatar. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2014. <http://www.avatarmovie.com/index.html>.

PuppetrNimation (Puppetry)

In relation to Animatronics discussed last week, let's take a step back and talk about puppets. Yes, the creepy doll like manikins that has eerie eyes and movable body parts, and yes, it is probably the cause of most of your childhood nightmares,next to clowns obviously (have you seen Chucky?).  While creepy as they are now and apparently, used as entertainment for children (-_-), puppetry has a long history in human history and although historians are not sure when it began, what they are sure about is that the first written record of puppetry was in India, thus, historians dubbed India as "the birthplace for puppetry".

Puppets in India were used (and still are) as a way for storytellers to teach their followers about the stories of the Gods. It started about 3000 years ago and the stick-figured puppets would play the stories of the Bala-Ramayana and the Maha-Bharata. The mass appeal of puppetry in India goes to the fact that while puppetry was entertaining to watch, it was also a learning experience.

According to legend, a famous dramatist in Japan grew tired of human actors and their needs so he decided to assign the roles to wooden puppets. The actors (if they wanted to still get paid and be a part of the play) would be hooded in black and at most, three people would be assigned to each puppet. Even though these people who be seen as clear as day to the audience members, their presence would not be acknowledged (ironic isn't it, for the actors I mean).  

In Europe, puppetry was so popular, that new techniques were presented to display the puppets. Instead of the puppets being made up two strings, the puppets now contain eight strings. Techniques such as ventriloquy and shadow puppetry were invented. Puppetry is still being used today but it has evolved over the years. Shadow puppetry might use humans...

 and besides using stings, people may use a combination of sticks, hands, bodies and string to give the puppet more human-like qualities. The most modern use of this is Jim Hensen's The Muppets, and deviating from that also Sesame Street.

Puppetry nevertheless, has become a big part of our culture (to the point where we can't ignore it's existence, no matter how hard we try) and with many positives (Sesame Street) comes some negatives (Chucky, by the way, did you know that another Chucky movie is coming out. I swear, this puppet will NEVER die). In relation to puppetry with animation, I consider it live-action and indeed a form of art.

Sources: 

"History of Puppets." History of Puppets. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2014. <http://www.puppetsnow.com/history-of-puppets.html>.

"Puppetry." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Oct. 2014. Web. 16 Oct. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppetry>.

Animatronics

Animatronics is the use of mechanical objects, which simulate animate life with lifelike characteristics, different from using robots. Plants, dinosaurs and magical creatures are mostly animatronic creations. Animatronic figures are often powered by hydraulics, electrical means, or by pneumatics and can be implemented using both computer control and human control, including teleoperation (remote control). The first recorded use of animatronics was on paper when a man wanted to get out of prison. The only solution he could find was building wings out of birds' feathers (does this story sound familiar?). Leonardo da Vinci then designed the Automata Lion (basically a mechanical lion) in honor of the newly crowned King of France, Francois I.  

In the 1770s  Pierre Jaquet-Droz and his son Henri-Louis Jaquet-Droz, both Swiss watchmakers, start making automata for European royalty. Once completed, they had created three dolls. One doll was able to write, the other play music and the 3rd doll could draw pictures.

In 1939, Sparko, The Robot Dog was created. Unlike normal robots, Sparko represents a living animal, thus becoming the very first modern day animatronics character.

Animatronics, takes off when Walt Disney decided to get into the business. In 1961, he coins the term audio-animatronics and begins developing modern animatronics technology. In a matter of years, the Enchanted Tiki Birds were created and featured in Disneyland till this day.

So what does this have to do with "animation"? Well, animation isn't all just cartoons. It can also be real life too. The famous movie of Jurassic Park used this technique to bring its dinosaurs to life. This film became the 17th film to gross over $1 billion dollars and is considered the greatest film of the 1990s. This video presented shows the audience how the raptor suit is made and shows how the team behind the scene controls the dinosaur. 

Animatronics soon moved mainstream and companies started to make toys using animatronic techniques. The most famous toy that I can think of on the top of my head is the terrifying Furby. I don't know why people find this thing appealing, but hey, I don't judge. Here is a creepy Japanese Furby commercial that you either will find disturbing or will find amusing.

....And here is the most recent commercial, because apparently Furbies are still a thing.

As the times go on, animatronics will take the stage as it becomes a more popular form of art to use in movies. I hope that it will transform the way we look at cinema like how Jurassic Park did.  

Stop MotioNimation Pt.2

With stop motion creeping up before the world, it was only time that it would make its "debut" before the world. The Stop Motion boom occurred around the 1950s, becoming a part of commercialism and engraining itself into pop culture. A major character introduced during this time is named Gumby. Gumby is an humanlike green clay character, that starred in over 233 episodes, becoming a pop culture icon. (The plot of Gumby Adventures is pretty ridiculous, but hey, that's what the people were in to.)

One of the most popular stop motion animators who pushed stop motion into mainstream cinemas was Ray Harryhausen. He created a stop motion film process known as "Dynamation", a process that combines animation, normal human actions, and special effects.

Stop motion continued to be in the public eye through films such as the all-time Christmas classic Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer (1964), Clash of Titans (1981), and the most famous one of all, The Nightmare before Christmas (1993). Throughout time, we as the audience see that with each film, the basic idea of stop motion stays the same, but with the Digital Age occurring during the 1980s and the evolution of technology, the tools used to create a stop motion film have changed drastically. Amateurs can create stop motion films on a computer with little to no cost, and with the advancement of social media, professionals and amateurs alike can share their creations. The next couple of videos have become viral hits upon their release. The first video depicts an animator fighting his creation and the second on is a music video with the background filled with colorful jellybeans.

Making vines are also some ways that people engage in stop motion animation. Our attention span has been limited to a span of 7 seconds, so vines are a useful tool for lazy people to be involved in making stop motion, without the effort....(because you can only do so much in 7 seconds -_- ).  With the comparison from past to present, it is easy to tell that Stop Motion has come a long way. With creative minds, comes endless possibilities, and Stop Motion animation is a field of opportunities just waiting to be discovered.

Stop MotioNimation

Okay. So once in your life you have probably seen a type of movie like this (The Nightmare before Christmas or more recently The Lego Movie anyone?) These types of movies fall under the category of stop motion animation. Stop motion is an animation technique to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own. The specified object/objects is/are moved tiny increments between frames (which are photographed constantly to capture each detail), creating the illusion of movement when the series of frames is played as a continuous sequence. A type of animation that falls under this category is Clay animation. Basically, these types of movies use dolls with movable joints or clay figures and nothing else.  Using these objects is convenient because they are easy to reposition.  The other two methods of Stop-Motion animation include direct object manipulation (stop motion of toys) and pixilation (using live talent and shooting frame by frame).

Stop-motion was originally an experiment and a fad; however, the audience came to appreciate this style of animation and was captivated by its magic, so studios decided to test it out. The first instant stop-motion was used was in Albert E. Smith and J. Vitagraph's The Humpty Dumpty Circus (1897), in which a toy circus of acrobats and animals comes to life. Unfortunately this footage has been lost; however, there are other movies such as Humorous Phases of Funny Faces released in 1906 and King Kong (1933), which utilizes this technique.

*More to come next week’s blog (because this is a huge topic to discuss) for now I leave you with this:

ComputAnimation: A Tribute to Pixar

Let' start this off with something big and enjoyable that everyone in this lifetime has enjoyed: Computer Animation. Computer Animation was around as early as the 1940s and 1950s. John Whitney began experiments in computer graphics, but it was on the early 1960s when digital computers had become widely established and new avenues for innovative computer graphics blossomed. The animation at the time was used for mainly engineering, scientific and other research purposes, but artistic experimentation began to make its appearance by mid-1960s. By the mid-70s, many such efforts were beginning to enter into public media. Much computer graphics at this time involved 2-dimensional imagery, though increasingly, as computer power improved, efforts to achieve 3-dimensional realism become the emphasis. By the late 1980s, photo-realistic 3D was beginning to appear in cinema movies, and by mid-90s had developed to the point where 3D animation could be used for entire feature film production.

Yes it is the animation style that bigwigs such as Disney and Dream Works have employed to reel in the audience. Some notable examples of  movies that employ this style include; Shrek, How to Train Your Dragon, Toy Story, and Frozen. Pixar Studios, however, takes computer animation to a whole new level of intensity. 

When their first movie, Toy Story, came out, it changed the way people saw and thought about computer animation. During this time, studios tended to make animated cartoon films, (such as The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin). Computer animation has been around since the 1960s and slow improvements were made to make it better and better, but despite several attempts to make it a "thing" with the public, it never really took off. At first, Pixar was a company that sold computer software, but then after a while, they were verge of bankruptcy from lack of computer sales. Walt Disney Studios was one of the company's buyers, using Pixar's printers to ease the work between lab and ink framework to the initial 2-D animation process, Pixar then decided to try their hand in animation and relocated to California to begin and continue their relationship with Disney that can be seen to this day. 

With the release of Toy Story, people thought differently about animation. Now we can go far beyond the realms of human imagination and make the screen come alive. This company is now one of the most respected companies in animation and it continuously strives to make it films to the best of perfection, appealing to audiences everywhere. It takes over 4 years to get the animation down for every Pixar film and with better technology, Pixar improves its films to the highest degree of quality. This video outlines the complicated process behind the making of Brave, released in 2012. 

I hoprd that you enjoyed this blog. Tune in next week to read more :). 

AnimaNtertainment #1

Animation is probably the best type of entertainment to ever exist. Like a storybook or a novel, it brings its audience to a whole different playing field. A new world so to say. People watch animation to escape reality and relax their minds from the demands and responsibilities they have at home.
It brings about joy, sorrow, laughter, fear and other heart pounding moments. It conjures up one's emotion through the characters it presents. It is important that any character displayed on the screen has to have qualities relatable to most of the audience members (a.k.a normal people) because it creates an emotional tie. This so called "bond" heightens the audience member's tension, and thus, keeps him/her from getting bored.

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By utilizing this technique, if the movie gets good reviews, then more and more people will come to see it and the profit for the movie heightens, which can create the opportunity to generate sequels (not that all sequels can compare to the original....), but it does give avid followers something to look forward to.

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One of the good things about animation is that about 90% of the time, it is appropriate for children to watch. DreamWorks and Disney does a great job with this. By making and giving their movies a "PG" rating, it gives parents assurance that the movies that are displayed will not "corrupt their child's/children's minds". A good quality animation does to keep its audiences attention is that it builds in really good jokes. Whether it be puns, the actions of the characters or the reactions certain characters get from certain events, animation will almost always deliver its jokes to the highest caliber.  Sometimes the jokes are not as appropriate,

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but nonetheless, it's safe for anyone to watch.
There are also many types of animations. To name a few broad genres, there are: traditional animation, atop-motion animation, computer animation, mechanical animation, and pin screen animation.
This passion blog is dedicated to celebrate all different types of animations and encourage others to watch and appreciated this art to its full content. Throughout this blog, we will both take a journey together to learn the history of the specific type of animation as well as present other forms of entertainment that demonstrate the particular type of animation. From anime in Japan to CGI  technology used in video games, we will discover and learn this art style. I hope that you enjoy this blog and what it has to offer.

[1][2][3]http://www.easybib.com/cite/view